Is COVID Back With Its New Variant? What You Should Know About JN.1

COVID-19 is again spreading in India with its new variant named JN1. There has been a recent rise in COVID-19 cases in India, primarily driven by the Omicron subvariant JN.1. As of May 21, 2025, with 257 current COVID-19 cases recorded globally, India is only slightly rebounding from past years. Kerala alone has 69 current cases, and the southern states of Kerala, Maharashtra, and Tamil Nadu are seeing the greatest counts.

New Variant of COVID

The new variant JN.1, a sub-lineage of the Omicron BA.2.86 strain, has been discovered. JN.1 is characterized by approximately 30 mutations in the spike protein, enhancing its transmissibility and ability to evade immunity. JN.1 contributes to a rise in cases across India and other parts of Asia.

What is the JN.1 Variant?

JN.1 is a descendant of the Omicron BA.2.86 lineage, first identified in August 2023. It possesses mutations that enhance its transmissibility and ability to evade prior immunity. While it spreads more rapidly than previous variants, current data indicates it does not cause more severe illness. It is a descendant of the BA.2.86, also known as the ‘Pirola’ strain, which belongs to the Omicron lineage.

Symptoms of JN.1

1. Dry cough

2. Fever

3. Headache

4. Sore throat

5. Fatigue

6. Loss of taste or smell

7. Runny or congested nose

Gastrointestinal issues

Is this variant harmful?

The JN.1 variant is generally not harmful to healthy individuals. It can be risky for the elderly and those with weak immunity. People with weakened immunity, chronic illnesses, or advanced age are more vulnerable. Although most infections are minor, some might develop into long COVID or pneumonia.

Doctors Opinion

Doctors are attentively observing the matter, especially for indications of serious disease in the elderly and those with underlying medical issues, even while most instances have displayed minor symptoms in healthy, vaccinated people. The risk of chronic COVID, whereby symptoms linger long after the infection has disappeared, worries doctors even more. Although the present wave is not overwhelming healthcare systems, experts stress the need for preventative actions, including masks in crowded areas, hand cleanliness, and immunization, keeping current. Although there is no need to worry, constant awareness is necessary.

Precautions

Here are some precautions to protect yourself from the JN.1 COVID-19 variant:

1. Wear a mask in crowded spaces, especially if you are in a high-risk group.

2. Maintain hygiene by washing hands frequently or using sanitizers.

3. Avoid crowded or poorly ventilated areas.

4. Stay updated on vaccinations.

5. Monitor your health for symptoms like fever, cough, or sore throat, and isolate if feeling unwell.

6. Boost your immunity by eating well, staying hydrated, and resting sufficiently.

Follow the government and health advisories.

How can JN.1 COVID-19 be treated?

• JN.1 COVID-19 is treated mainly with rest, fluids, and over-the-counter medicines for mild symptoms.

• High-risk patients may receive antivirals like Paxlovid or Remdesivir if prescribed early.

• Monitoring for severe symptoms, such as breathing difficulty, is important.

• Hospital care, including oxygen or steroids, may be needed for serious cases.

• Vaccination and boosters reduce the risk of severe illness from JN.1.

Managing JN.1 involves early symptom care, antivirals for high-risk individuals, and staying up to date with vaccines. Staying informed and taking precautions can greatly reduce complications and aid in a smooth recovery.